Dc motor control using single switch electronic Project
Dc motor control using single switch electronic Project
Abstract:
The forward and reverse operation of the d.c motor is always a critical job. For a smaller current d.c motors its some what less critical.
In this project a nice and safe way is described to rotate the d.c motor in forward and reverse directions.
Same time it is taken care that the motor stops in between the two conditions.
Circuit Description:
This project is a simple but useful application for controlling d.c motor for clockwise or anticlockwise directions with a single switch.
You can even stop it with that same switch. Proper voltage is provided to run the motor when in operation. The led indication is as follows.
Led1 = motor stop.
Led2 = motor forward
Led3 = motor reverse
The timer ic 555 is used here as ic1 (U1) is in monostable mode and used to avoid the false triggering of the motor. When you press the switch1 any of the 3 operations begins in sequence.
In monostable mode the ic gives a pulse for a desired time and stops and by this way it provides the pulse to the counter ic 4017. (U4)
Now let us see how it performs all the 3 desired operations.
Forward operation:
In the start initial condition let us assume that motor is in stop condition. So, when the switch s1 is pressed the ic1 (U1) (monostable 555) gives a pulse to the counter IC on its “clock in” pin. (pin14) and the counter ic advances its output by 1 and makes Q0 to be in high state.
(Q0 becomes 1) and thus the led2 (D4) glows indicating that the motor is going to be in forward condition.
Same time it gives a high pulse to the ic3 and output of ic3 becomes low at its pin no.3.
So, one end of the motor gets ground ( becomes 0) and at the same time the other end of the motor is high by ic4 pin 3 ( as still the Q2 is still low).
Thus, the motor gets the proper supply and it starts rotating in forward direction.
Reverse operation:
If after the forward operation, we press the switch s1 again, the high output of IC2 shifts from Q0 to D1.
so the low o/p at the pins 2 and 6 of ic3, makes the o/p of ic3 high. And so motor stops.
(before reversing the motor it is required to make the motor stop first.) And the led glows again showing that the motor is stopped.
Then pressing switch s1 again shifts the high o/p of IC2 from D1 to Q2. So the ic3 becomes low and motor starts rotating in reverse direction.
By this way, the motor rotates in forward and reverse directions and stop condition is always in between.
The circuit works on 9v battery. For 9v dc motor. It’s also possible to use the 6v supply. For 6v dc motor.
-----------------------------------------
Project tips: 1> Always mount the ics on the IC sockets.
2> Never allow the solder iron to touch the circuit while
the power supply is connected.
Components list:
|
Sr. No. |
Components |
No. of Piece |
|
1. |
C1(Cap NP 0.1uF ceramic) |
1 |
|
2. |
C2(Cap 10uF/25V) |
1 |
|
3. |
D1,D2(Diode 1N4007) |
2 |
|
4. |
D3,D4,D5(LED) |
3 |
|
5. |
MG1 MOTOR(9V DC) |
1 |
|
6. |
R1,R2,R3(10K) |
3 |
|
7. |
R4(7K) |
1 |
|
8. |
R5,R6,R7(270E) |
3 |
|
9. |
SW1 Micro switch(2 Pin) |
1 |
|
10. |
U1,U2,U3 (NE555) |
3 |
|
11 |
U4(CD4017) |
|
Placement diagram:
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